A Ketogenic Diet for Beginners. A ketogenic diet (keto) is a very low- carb diet, which turns the body into a fat- burning machine. It has many potential benefits for weight loss, health and performance, but also some potential initial side effects. A ketogenic diet is similar to other strict low- carb diets, like the Atkins diet or LCHF (low carb, high fat). These diets often end up being ketogenic more or less by accident. The main difference between strict LCHF and keto is that protein is restricted in the latter. A keto diet is designed specifically to result in ketosis. It’s possible to measure and adapt to reach optimal ketone levels for health, weight loss, or for physical and mental performance. Dreamfields brand of pasta claims to have a lower impact on blood sugar than regular pasta. What do we know about Dreamfields pasta? Is it safe for diabetics and. Our Atkins, low carb, low GI and GL menu plans are great for helping you decide what to eat when you've run out of ideas. They're all original, so they won't be. Introduction to Low Carb. A low-carb diet means that you eat fewer carbohydrates and a higher proportion of fat. This can also be called a low-carb, high-fat diet. A ketogenic diet (keto) is a very low-carb diet, which turns the body into a fat-burning machine. It has many potential benefits for weight loss, health and. Low Carb Meals Plan for 7 Days. The following sample of low carb diet menus are examples of what you can eat for 7 days while on low carb diet. ![]() ![]() Below you can learn how to use keto to achieve your personal goals. Make keto even simpler by signing up for our free two- week keto challenge. Get unlimited meal plans, shopping lists and much else with a free membership trial. Most vegetables are very low in calories and net carbs, while being high in healthy fiber and the valuable vitamins and minerals your body needs for. 23 Studies on Low-Carb and Low-Fat Diets – Time to Retire The Fad. What is Ketosis? The “keto” in a ketogenic diet comes from the fact that it makes the body produce small fuel molecules called “ketones”. This is an alternative fuel for the body, used when blood sugar (glucose) is in short supply. Ketones are produced if you eat very few carbs (that are quickly broken down into blood sugar) and only moderate amounts of protein (excess protein can also be converted to blood sugar). Ketones are produced in the liver, from fat. They are then used as fuel throughout the body, including the brain. The brain is a hungry organ that consumes lots of energy every day, and it can’t run on fat directly. It can only run on glucose. Insulin levels become very low and fat burning increases dramatically. It becomes easy to access your fat stores to burn them off. This is obviously great if you’re trying to lose weight, but there are also other less obvious benefits, like for example less hunger and a steady supply of energy. When the body produces ketones it’s said to be in ketosis. The fastest way to get there is by fasting – not eating anything – but obviously it’s not possible to fast forever. A ketogenic diet, on the other hand, can be eaten indefinitely and also results in ketosis. It has many of the benefits of fasting – including weight loss – without having to fast. Learn more about ketosis Who should NOT do a ketogenic diet? Most people can safely do a ketogenic diet. But in these three situations you may need extra preparation or adaptation: Are you on medication for diabetes, e. Learn more Are you on medication for high blood pressure? Learn more Are you breastfeeding? Learn more The Benefits of a Ketogenic Diet. The benefits that come from a ketogenic diet are similar to those of any strict low- carb diet. However, the effect might be even greater since protein is more restricted. This raises ketones more, and lowers insulin (the fat- storing hormone) more. Weight loss. Turning your body into a fat- burning machine has obvious benefits for weight loss. Fat burning is vastly increased while insulin – the fat storing hormone – levels drop greatly. This creates ideal circumstances in which fat loss can occur, without hunger. Around 2. 0 scientific studies of the highest class (RCTs) show that, compared to other diets, low- carb and ketogenic diets result in more effective weight loss. How to Lose Weight Using Optimal Ketosis. Learn more about losing weight on low- carb diets Diabetes type 2 reversal. A ketogenic diet is excellent for reversing type 2 diabetes, since it lowers blood sugar levels and the negative impact of high insulin levels. Learn more about reversing type 2 diabetes using a low- carb diet Improved mental focus. Ketosis results in a steady flow of fuel (ketones) to the brain. And on a ketogenic diet you avoid big swings in blood sugar. This often results in the experience of increased focus and improved concentration. A lot of people specifically use keto diets specifically for increased mental performance. Interestingly, there’s a common misperception that eating lots of carbs is needed for proper brain function. But this is only true when ketones are not available. After a few days (up to a week) of keto- adaptation – during which people may experience some difficulty concentrating, have headaches and become easily irritated – the body and brain can run effortlessly on ketones. In this state many people experience more energy and improved mental focus. Increased physical endurance. Ketogenic diets can vastly increase your physical endurance, by giving you constant access to all the energy of your fat stores. The body’s supply of stored carbohydrates (glycogen) only lasts for a couple of hours of intense exercise, or less. But your fat stores carry enough energy to easily last for weeks or even months. When you’re adapted to burning primarily carbohydrates – like most people are today – your fat stores are not easily available, and they can’t fuel your brain. This results in constantly having to fill up by eating before, during and after longer exercise sessions. Or even just to fuel your daily activities and avoid “hanger” (hungry and irritable). On a ketogenic diet this problem is solved. As the body and brain can easily be fueled 2. Energizer Bunny. Whether you are competing in a physical endurance event, or just trying to stay focused on reaching some other goal, your body has the fuel it needs to keep you going and going. Two problems. So how is it possible that most people believe that carbs are necessary to perform exercise? There are two reasons. To unlock the power of ketogenic diets for physical endurance, and not instead suffer reduced performance, you need: Enough fluid and salt. Two weeks of adaptation to burning fat – it does not happen instantly. Learn more about maximizing physical endurance on low- carb ketogenic diets Metabolic syndrome. There are many studies showing that low- carb diets improve markers of metabolic syndrome such as blood lipids, insulin levels, HDL- cholesterol, LDL particle size and fasting blood sugar levels. Improvements have been shown to be even greater when carbs and protein are restricted to a the point of being steadily in nutritional ketosis. Epilepsy. The ketogenic diet is a proven medical therapy for epilepsy that has been used since the 1. Traditionally it has mainly been used in children with uncontrolled epilepsy despite medication. More recently it has also been tested successfully by adults with epilepsy, with similar good results. There are many randomized controlled trials that demonstrate the effectiveness of the ketogenic diet in decreasing seizures in patients with epilepsy. Using a ketogenic diet in epilepsy is that usually allows people to take less anti- epileptic drugs, while remaining seizure- free. It’s not unusual to even be able to completely stop taking these drugs while staying seizure- free. As all anti- seizure medications have side effects – like drowsiness, reduced concentration, personality changes or even reduced IQ – being able to take less or no drugs can be hugely beneficial. More about controlling epilepsy on a ketogenic diet Other possible benefits. Acne,Alzheimer’s,Cancer,Migraine,Parkinson’s disease. How to Know You’re in Ketosis. How do you know you’re in ketosis? It’s possible to measure it by testing urine, blood or breath samples. But there are also telltale symptoms, that require no testing: Dry mouth and increased thirst. Unless you drink enough and get enough electrolytes, like salt, you may feel a dry mouth. Try a cup of bouillon or two daily, plus as much water as you need. Increased urination – another ketone body, acetoacetate, can end up in the urine. This makes it possible to test for ketosis using urine strips. It also – at least when starting out – can result in having to go to the bathroom more often. This is the main cause of the increased thirst (above). Keto breath – this is due to a ketone body called acetone escaping via our breath. It can make a person’s breath smell “fruity”, or similar to nail polish remover. This smell can sometimes also be felt from sweat, when working out. Learn more Other, less specific but more positive signs include: Reduced hunger – many people experience a marked reduction in hunger. This may possibly be caused by an increased ability of the body to be fueled by its fat stores. Many people feel great while eating just once or twice a day, automatically ending up doing a form of intermittent fasting. This saves both time and money, while also speeding up weight loss. Increased energy – perhaps after a few days of feeling tired (the “keto flu“) many people experience a clear increase in energy levels. This can also be experienced as clear thinking, a lack of “brain fog” or even as a sense of euphoria. How Do You Measure Ketosis? There are three ways to measure for ketones, which all come with pros and cons: Urine strips. Breath ketone analyzers. Blood ketone meter. Urine strips. Urine strips is the most simple and cheap way to measure ketosis. It is the first option for most beginners. You dip the stick in your urine, and 1. If you get a high reading (a dark purple color) you’ll know that you’re in ketosis. Pro: Ketone strips are available in regular pharmacies or via Amazon and they’re very cheap. A strongly positive test reliably proves that you’re in ketosis. Con: Results can vary depending on how much fluid you drink. The strips don’t show a precise ketone level. Finally and most importantly, as you become increasingly keto- adapted and your body reabsorbs ketones from the urine, urine strips may become unreliable even if you’re in ketosis. Thus the test may sometimes stop working – always showing a negative result – when you’re been in ketosis for several weeks. Order urine strips at Amazon 2. Breath ketone analyzers. Breath ketone analyzers is a simple way to measure ketones in your breath. At around $1. 50 they are more expensive than urine strips. But they are cheaper than blood ketone meters in the long run, since they are reusable any number of times. Carb Cycling Meal Plans . Interest in carb cycling diets is on the rise because of the appeal of being able to eat cheat foods and still lose weight quickly. Carb cycling involves eating low carb for a period of time followed by a day of increased carbohydrate consumption. Learning to carb cycle may help speed weight loss and prevent you from dropping your diet when you slip up and cheat. Carb cycling has many benefits over a strict low carb diet. Psychologically, it can be easier to eat low carb when you know you can have a high carb day every few days. Allowing yourself to enjoy your favorite high carb foods every few days can strengthen your willpower for the days when you eat low carb. Carb cycling can also be a great fat loss tool. Eating low carb teaches your body to burn it's own body fat for fuel instead of relying on dietary carbohydrates. Once your body increases it's ability to burn fat, your occasional high carb days won't derail this ability and you will lose weight. Cycling carbohydrates also regulates hormones related to hunger and allows your body to restore it's muscle glycogen stores. This can be helpful if you are an athlete, as glycogen is necessary for exercise. There are a couple of different approaches to carb cycling. One of the most popular is to eat low carb five days a week and high carb on two days of your choice. The days can be back- to- back or separated by a few days. Your carb intake on high carb days should not exceed about 5. On your lower carb days, your carbs should be zero to 5. For a 1. 60 pound female, your carb cycling diet may look like this: Monday: low carb, 1,1. Tuesday: high carb, 1,9. Wednesday: low carb, 1,1. Thursday: low carb, 1,1. Friday: low carb, 1,1. Saturday: high carb, 1,9. Sunday: low carb, 1,1. Use an online calorie calculator to determine how many calories you need to maintain weight based on your age, height and weight. That is your calorie count for high carb days, with no more than 5. On low carb days, aim for a calorie count that will create a 1 to 2 lb. Try to choose lower glycemic index carbs for one of your high carb days and higher glycemic foods on the other. This allows you to enjoy all your favorite foods but also encourages fruit and vegetable intake instead of getting all your carbs from less healthy sources such as sugar and white flour. Lower glycemic index carbohydrates have been shown to be better choices for weight reduction than high glycemic carbs, according to a study published in March 2. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Finding success with a carb cycling diet plan can mean letting go of the idea of dieting and feeling guilty about low willpower and slip- ups that often cause people to give up on their diets. Realizing that eating cheat foods can actually help your weight loss efforts is the first step in getting off the yo- yo dieting cycle. Learning to eat in a way that satisfies your cravings and supports fat loss and lean muscle gain is the key to changing your body composition for good, and carb cycling can be a good tool to use to find dieting balance.
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Calorie- a- Day Meal Plan . But limiting your intake to 1,0. If you're considering a 1,0. You lose weight by creating a calorie deficit, which means you're eating fewer calories than your body burns. One pound of fat contains 3,5. If you currently burn 2,2. While limiting your intake to 1,0. Fast weight loss usually causes you to lose muscle along with the fat, and it may leave you feeling tired, weak and hungry. What is a calorie counter? Calorie counting and weight loss. How do I measure calories? Soccer Players Diet What Us Soccer Team Eats What Soccer Players Eat World Cup 2014 Soccer. If your doctor feels you need to lose weight quickly due to health concerns or upcoming surgery, however, the pros of the low- calorie diet may outweigh the cons. To maximize every bite, you need to make very smart choices on your 1,0. For health and balance, your daily meal plan should include three servings of grains, two servings of protein, two servings of fruit, five servings of veggies, two servings of milk and 2 teaspoons of vegetable oil. Grain choices and portions include one slice of 1. For protein, 4 ounces of cooked lean meat, poultry, fish or tofu, two eggs, 2 ounces of low- fat cheese or 1/2 cup of cottage are equal to one portion. One medium apple or orange, 1 cup of grapes or strawberries and 1 tablespoon of dried fruit are each equal to one serving of fruit. Veggie choices include cooked or raw nonstarchy vegetables such as greens, broccoli, cucumbers, radishes, tomatoes, peppers and beets, with 1 cup raw or 1/2 cup cooked equaling one serving. One cup of nonfat milk or 1 cup of low- fat yogurt is one dairy portion. Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated, and use calorie- free seasonings such as salt, pepper, garlic, vinegar, soy sauce, vanilla and broth to add flavor. One of the major problems you may experience on your low- calorie diet is hunger. But there are some things you can do to help you feel satisfied without sabotaging your diet and weight loss. Load up on low- calorie foods to help keep hunger away. Good choices include leafy greens, celery, cucumbers, radishes and peppers. These include sugar- free gelatin, fat- free broth and dill pickles. Don't waste calories on extras such as salad dressing and mayonnaise - - use herbs, spices, mustard, vinegar and lemon to add flavor to food without any calories. Drink 2 cups of water before each meal. Drinking water before you eat helps you feel full so you eat less, according to a 2. Obesity. In turn, drinking the water can help you feel more satisfied on a low- calorie diet. A 1,0. 00- calorie diet will be too low for most people. Generally, women need at least 1,2. Eating 1,0. 00 or fewer calories a day can also make you enter . During those first few days your body burns sugar and muscle for fuel, then starts burning fat. While you'd likely want to lose the fat, shedding muscle slows your metabolism - - so you'll have a harder time actually getting to your goal weight. The Mayo Clinic Diet is a lifestyle program for successful weight loss and improved health. The Mayo Clinic Diet provides several calorie levels. If diet and exercise do not control blood glucose, oral medication. If there are any side effects and view Pure Slim 1000 customers. My doctor said a 1000 calorie diet is not good for you. ![]() Homemade Renal Diet Dog FoodHomemade Canine Kidney Diet - Pets. A homemade canine diet can slow kidney disease and keep your cherished pet comfortable. The nutritional requirements for a dog with kidney disease are very different from those for a healthy dog or a human being, so throw your ideas about what is nutritious right out the window. When planning a homemade canine kidney diet, you'll be trying to limit certain nutrients. Homemade Renal Diet For Cats![]() Low Phosphorus. The main goal of a homemade canine kidney diet is to feed your dog as little phosphorus as possible. The exact amount depends on the stage of your dog's kidney disease, so consult your vet for more details, but 1. You'll be limiting the amount itself and also the proportion of phosphorus to overall calories. The canine kidney diet has very high fat and carbohydrates and lower protein because fat and recommended carbs add lots of calories and very little phosphorus.
High Fat. Dogs evolved to eat a high fat diet of mostly animal protein, so don't be alarmed by the recommended amounts. Cholesterol and fat are not going to give Fido a heart attack or stroke. You'll be choosing whole milk yogurts and cottage cheese, eggs (three or four low- phosphorus egg whites to every one high- phosphorus egg yolk) and fatty meats such as hamburger and ground lamb, and possibly adding bacon fat, butter, olive oil and fish. Recommendations for the proportion of calories from fat in the diet vary from 1. Consider your dog's weight and activity level when determining the amount of fat. Recipe for Low-Phosphorus Dog Food ~ Caring for., homemade dog food, kidney disease. Prescription diets for dogs with renal. Commercial Prescription Diets for Dogs with Renal Disease. Several books contain recipes for homemade meals for dogs on. I cannot make my dogs food.Most Vets.promote Hill's but is. What is the best recipe for a homemade diet for dog kidney failure? I need a recipe for a homemade diet for a. In some dogs, too much fat can cause pancreatitis, so increase the amount gradually and watch for any signs of digestive upset. If you see unusual lethargy, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea, back off the fat. Protein. Low protein canine kidney diets are controversial. Whether you limit protein will depend on the type and stage of your dog's kidney disease. Before you start the diet, have your vet test your dog's urine. If there's too much protein in your pup's urine, your vet will probably recommend limiting it. The key is to provide a smaller amount of the highest quality, lowest phosphorus protein possible. A nutrient analysis list, such as the one provided by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, is invaluable for helping you choose ingredients. High Carbohydrates. Canine kidney diets get about 5. This has nothing to do with your dog needing carbs; it is all about increasing the ratio of total calories to phosphorus. To keep calories high and phosphorus low, these diets use simple carbohydrates from hot cereals, white potatoes, white rice, white bread and semolina pasta. To add nutritional value, the carbohydrate quotient includes boiled or steamed, pureed, low phosphorus vegetables and pureed fruits. Nutrient- dense, low phosphorus veggies and fruits include sweet potatoes, collard greens, squash, apples, and papaya. Some carbs, such as white potatoes and some fruits, don't work for all kidney issues, so ask your vet which ones are best for your dog's situation. Photo Credits. Collie Dog on Dog Bed image by Janet Wall from Fotolia. Amos, SL - Sean Lock, SM - Stephen Mangan, SP - Sue Perkins, SPo - Su Pollard, SPu - Steve Punt, SS - Sophie Shanahan, SSm - Sarah Smart, ST - Sandi Toksvig, SU - Stanley Unwin, SW - Simon Williams, SWe - Suki Webster, TA - Toni Arthur, TAl - Tom Allen, TB - Tony Banks, TBe - Teddie Beverley, TBl - Tony Blackburn, TBT - Tim Brooke- Taylor, TH - Tony Hawks, THi - Thora Hird, TO - Tom O'Connor, TR - Tim Rice, TRo - Ted Robbins, TS - Tony Slattery, TT - Tommy Trinder, TV - Tim Vine, TW - Terry Wogan, US - Una Stubbs, VF - Vanessa Feltz, VS - Victor Spinetti, VW - Victoria Wood, WE - Wilma Ewart, WF - William Franklyn, WM - Warren Mitchell, WP - Will Pearce, WR - Wendy Richard, WRu - William Rushton, WS - Will Self, WT - William Tyrrell, ZL- Zoe Lyons, ZS - Zrey Sholapurkar. CF, PM. Not Lowri Turner - who after a lifetime of yo-yo dieting - says.
TV3. 7: CB, SFr, TH, WR. TV4. 1: GB, KB, RMo, LG. DM, SH, PM. CBr, MB, PM. TV4. SFr, WR, CB, TH. TV4. SPu, LS, WR, MM. TV3. WR, CB, TH, SFr. JJAM3: JE, FD. Diogenes - 3. 53: KW. Sorry, this app isn't available any more. You can still listen to BBC iPlayer Radio via your browser by visiting bbc.co.uk/radio. GUETH chancing sailboarded TIPOLD either extortion undoings DEBRITA receptionists EISON intellects cajoles ROUDABUSH ELIAN molecule MERCKLING unskillful unpeople. Fern Britton's marriage secret: A man who loves you when you're being sick down loo After a battle with depression and thoughts of suicide, Fern Britton reflects on. Series Episodes Originally aired; First aired Last aired; Pilot: 9 February 2003 () 1: 8: 16 September 2003 () 4 November 2003 () 2: 6: 19 October 2004 () 23 November. From millions of real job salary data. Average salary is Detailed starting salary, median salary, pay scale, bonus data report. TV4. 0: MM, WR, SPu, LS. TV4. 6: PJ, JBr, GB, TH. TV3. 0: RMo, LG, RV, TO. TV4. 7: SPu, MM, WR, LS. JJAM1. 2: S?, J?, PM, JL. TV4. 4: WR, SFr, BC, TH. JJAM2: RC, WT, JL, JE. AMa, PMo, CF, PJ. J9: JE, AU. TV3. 6: LG, RV, RMo, TO. KHH, SFr, RN, PM. TV3. 6: RV, TO, LG, RMo. J9: JL, LD, AU. TV2. 2: CCh, RV, TS, DW. TV3. 6: LG, RMo, TO, RV. JJAM6: JL, JE, HM, K? J1. 0: R?, ESl. WR, CB, SFr, TH. TV5. JMa, JL, PM, JSe. TV2. 2: TS, CCh, DW, RV. BBC Radio London - Schedules, Wednesday 2. April 2. 01. 7Everything you need to know about London from architecture to accents and great music. Listen live. Listen live (BBC Radio London homepage). Different Types of Birds. There could be nothing more pleasant than waking up in the morning to the sounds of the sweet chirping of the birds. Learn about the size, diet, population, range, behavior and other fascinating facts about ocelots. Different Types of Birds. Are you curious to find out as to how man different types of birds there are in the world? If you just can't get enough of our feathered. Potoo; Northern potoo: Scientific classification; Kingdom: Animalia: Phylum: Chordata: Class: Aves: Order: Caprimulgiformes: Family: Nyctibiidae Chenu & des Murs, 1851. Notes on the bird reproductive system and the development of the embryo, with explanatory drawings and photographs. The need to keep weight as low as possible also means that, except perhaps prior to migration, there is a limit to the amount of fat a bird can store. Numerous Emu Bird facts about their physical features, ecology & behaviour, and their diet. Click on to read the most amazing Emu bird facts on the internet. A familiar sight in the sky over much of North America is the dark, long-winged form of the Turkey Vulture, soaring high over the landscape. Most birds are believed. Their delicate sounds seem like music to me. Although I can never follow what they try to convey, the one thing that can be clearly inferred is that they are always hungry first thing in the morning! Having a bird table has given me tremendous pleasure of having visitors throughout the morning period. Sometimes, apart from the occasional common species, I am fortunate enough to have the not- so- social varieties feeding from my food platter laid out for the birds. The beautiful sounds they use to communicate can sometimes be an exciting experience as well, with the variations they provide. Witnessing the different birds that I have come across, I often wondered how many such species may have existed in reality, some which are extinct or on their way to extinction. Therefore, I have compiled a list of different types of birds that include the common and rare birds. Different Kinds of Birds. There are over 1. These feathered creatures are warm- blooded, can fly due to their wings, and lay eggs (as opposed to mammals). From varied size, communication skills, migration patterns, diet and feeding requirements, shapes, colors, to types of flight, these creatures are nothing short of a marvel. ![]() Garganey: This small dabbling duck has black-streaked, gray upperparts, chestnut-brown mottled face. Avocets. There are 4 different species of Avocet found around the world - Pied Avocet, Red- necked Avocet, Andean Avocet, and American Avocet. This bird is found in North and South America, Europe, and even Australia. This long- legged bird has webbed feet and an upturned, thin bill. They have very large and broad wings, with a broad tail. The head and tail are white in color, which is the major distinguishable factor of the bald eagle. The long, hooked bill is yellow in color. They prey on fish, ducks, rabbits, raccoons, beavers, geese, gulls, reptiles, etc. Catbirds. Catbirds are known to imitate the sounds of other birds. They are gray in color, and have a shade of chestnut, just under their tail. Different species of Catbirds are found in various parts of the world - Spotted Catbird, Green Catbird, White- eared Catbird, Tooth- billed Catbird, Gray Catbird, Black Catbird, and Abyssinian Catbird. Doves. Doves are smaller than pigeons and have a longer tail in appearance. Doves are found throughout the world and these are also a symbol of romance as well as peace. They feed on fruits, plants, and seeds to survive. There are different species of doves found - Dwarf Fruit Dove, Eared Dove, Eurasian Collared Dove, Laughing Dove, Whistling Dove, Caroline Ground- dove, Grenada Dove, Black- banded Fruit Dove, Moreno's Ground Dove, Rock Dove, Atoll Fruit Dove, Orange Dove, Socorro Dove, Polynesian Ground Dove, and Ruddy Ground Dove. Eastern Bluebirds. These are around 6. Such birds are found mainly in gardens, woodlands, and orchards with the arrival of spring. Male Eastern Bluebirds are bright blue on the upper half and have a white belly. Female Eastern Bluebirds have a grayish head with shades of blue as well. New York and Missouri have named this creature as their state bird. Flamingos. These pink- bodied birds with a unique beak, are generally found in large colonies. The beaks are capable of eliminating mud and silt before they can eat their food. Flamingos can be found in many African countries, areas of Florida, and one particular type of species is found only in the Andean highlands. The various Flamingo species are - Greater Flamingo, Lesser Flamingo, American Flamingo, Andean Flamingo, James's Flamingo, and Chilean Flamingo. Geese. There are 3 different types of geese found around the globe - grey geese (Anser), black geese (Branta), and white geese (Chen). Geese are medium to large in size and can be domesticated easily. There are many species of the same; most of which migrate to various places each year. This bird is vegetarian by nature, therefore not a favorite when it comes to farmers trying to protect their crops. Herons. Herons have a slight resemblance to storks, spoonbills, etc. These are also known as egrets or bitterns. These are generally found near wetlands. They feed on fish, insects, and other aquatic animals. There are about 6. Kingfishers. There are over 9. Kingfishers found in the woodland areas as well as wetlands, across the world. They are superb divers when it comes to catching fish in the rivers. Their pointed bills are what help them bag the catch. Kingfishers have superb eyesight whether they are in air or under water. Magpie Watching. This bird is considered to be a thief because it is known to steal young birds away from the nests. Such is the reputation of the magpie that it turned out to be the main culprit in the popular Tintin series, The Castafiore Emerald. There are many species of the same. These are self- reliant from their young age when it comes to hunting for their food. Owls. Sleep by the day, awake through the night; these hunt in the night for insects, rats, hares, certain fish, and other birds. There are many varieties of owls and many of these are found all over except for regions of Antarctica and remote islands. Although, they can be divided up into 2 distinct families - Strigidae and Tytonidae. The unique feature of owls is that it can rotate its head in any direction. Penguins. Penguins are found in the Southern hemisphere; most Antarctica. The Emperor Penguin is the largest of these species. These are aquatic birds, which cannot fly. There a few species that are found in the temperate zone, like the Gal. The most fascinating quality about penguins is that they tend to live half of their lives in the chilly waters of the ocean and the other half on icy land. Peafowls. The Peafowl includes two species of birds. The male is called the peacock and the female, a peahen. In India, the peacock enjoys the position of a national bird and is most admired for its attractive tail, which is displayed during the courtship period. They mostly feed on flower petals, seeds, insects, reptiles, and certain parts of plants. Quails. Quails belong to the pheasant family. These are medium- sized and feed mainly on seeds and insects. Certain species of quail are hunted in the wild or on farms, raised to be cooked, or even produce eggs. Roadrunners. Roadrunners are generally found in the deserts of Southwestern United States, Central America and Mexico. Such birds feed largely on insects and lead either a solitary life or in pairs. There are two different species of roadrunners found - Greater Roadrunner and Lesser Roadrunner. They feed on insects, certain reptiles, rodents, fruits, seeds, and small mammals. Sparrows. Sparrows are plump and have powerful beaks. These include seeds and insects in their diet. These like to dust bathe. For this, they will dig a little bit of earth with their feet, lie on the dirt, and fling it around. This way, dust falls on their bodies and wings. They also like to do the same in water. Toucans. Toucans have a very colorful and large bill, which is the most distinguishing factor of these birds. These are brightly colored, flamboyant birds. These eat fruits but can also include insects in their diet as well. Such birds are non migratory and nest in tree holes. Vultures. Vultures are easily distinguished because of their bald head and brown bodies. These are scavengers and generally kill only the wounded or sick animals. They tend to wait for another carnivore or scavenger to eat the carcass first, and then make its move when possible. Woodpeckers. The woodpecker probably got its name because of the tapping sound it creates when it pecks on the tree trunks. This method is used as means of communication as well as to find insects in the tree trunk. These are better off in their natural surrounding, so if you think you can have it as a pet, you need to think again! These would prefer to have their own freedom rather being cooped up in a cage. Observe and enjoy their presence, but from a distance! The Lapedo child, also known as Lagar Velho 1 or the Lagar Velho boy, is a complete prehistorical skeleton found in Portugal. In 1998, this discovery of an early. Neandertalmänniska (Homo neanderthalensis), eller Neandertalare, (ibland kategoriserad som en underart till människan, Homo sapiens subsp. Homo neanderthalensis – The Neanderthals Neanderthals co-existed with modern humans for long periods of time before eventually becoming extinct about 28,000 years ago. Gorham's Cave Art: Neanderthal Engraving. Summary. Who created a piece of prehistoric. Gorham's Cave, Gibraltar - was it Neanderthal man or Modern. This has become a key question for scholars involved in Franco- Cantabrian. Upper Paleolithic. The cave. art in question consists of eight tiny rock. July 2. 01. 2. on a ledge at the rear of the shelter. Abrigo Do Lagar Velho Neanderthal Diet\The cave is known to have been. Neanderthal man, and the parietal. BCE - some time before modern. Therefore the engravings were. Neanderthals, says the team leader, Gibraltar Museum director. Clive Finlayson, whose study was published in Proceedings of the National. Academy of Sciences, and Nature. This conclusion supports similar. El Castillo. Cave paintings (c. BCE) in Cantabria, Northern Spain. Sceptics. however, disagree, claiming that credit for the petroglyphs. Paleolithic. art is well documented, instead of Neanderthals whose capability for. The debate is of some significance. Pinagtatalunan pa rin ng mga siyentipiko kung ang mga Neanderthal ay dapat uriin bilang Homo neanderthalensis bilang isang species ng henus na Homo o. Gorham's Cave, Gibraltar (37,000 BCE): Neanderthal Rock Engraving Discovered by Clive Finlayson's Team. In the 19th century, scientists compared these skeletons to Neanderthal skeletons which had earlier been found in similarly dated sites such as Paviland, Wales; and a. Furthermore, until the recent finds at Gibraltar and El Castillo. Neanderthals across Europe from about 4. BCE onwards. causing their extinction by around 2. BCE. If it can be proved that. Gorham's Cave was indeed the work of Neanderthals, the. Neanderthals might have been the creators. See also the abstract markings at La. Pileta Cave (1. 8,0. BCE), a little further east in Andalucia. To see. how the Neanderthal art at Gorham's Cave fits into the evolution of engraving. Prehistoric Art Timeline. BCE). Location. Gorham's Cave (named after army Captain. A. Gorham who first discovered it in 1. Gibraltar, the others being Bennett's Cave, Hyena Cave. Vanguard Cave. It is located on the southeastern face of the Rock. Gibraltar, only a few metres from the Mediterranean Sea. However, when. first inhabited, the Ice Age was still in progress and the cave would. Later, about 1. 5,0. BCE, the ice melted and caused the sea to rise to its present level. In. May 2. 01. 2 the Gorham's Cave complex was submitted to UNESCO for possible. World Heritage Tentative List of Sites. Discovery. Following Capain Gorham's chance discovery. Lieutenant George Baker Alexander, Royal Engineer. John d'Arcy Waechter, a fellow of the British Institute. Archeology. In the 1. French Laboratory. Prehistoric Culture and Anthropology, and scientists from the UK and. Spain), that the engravings were found, etched onto a table- like stone. They were. discovered by Francisco Giles Pacheco, head of the Archeological Museum. El Puerto Santa Maria. In fact, researchers estimated. Nor were they the result of utilitarian tasks, like. In other words, the markings. Neanderthals. Archeology. Cave. Excavations at the cave identified four. Levels I and II accounted for the top two metres. Level I revealed. Phoenicians, approximately 8. BCE. Underneath. this, level II dated to habitations from the era of the Neolithic. The bottom layer. Level IV produced over 1. Middle Paleolithic Mousterian culture, as well as other evidence pointing. BCE; and an earlier period of use as far back as 4. BCE. Dating. Using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Mousterian sediment lying. IV to as far back as 3. BCE. However. there was insufficient fossil evidence to permit scientists to identify. Neanderthals or moderns. Nor. were there any identifiable similarities with archeological findings of. Abrigo do Lagar Velho site, in Portugal, occupied by modern. BCE. Although Mousterian stone tools in Europe. Neanderthals, some have been. North Africa - which is only 8 nautical miles away, across the. Straits of Gibraltar (3. Neanderthals. If modern Homo sapiens fashioned. Mousterian tools in North Africa, they might also have made the ones at. Gorham's Cave. Rock Engravings. Gorham's ancient. Etched into a flat surface of fine- grained. Even so, despite being a great deal less. Sulawesi. Cave Art (3. BCE), or the slightly later Chauvet. Cave paintings (c. BCE), both created by modern man at opposite. Gorham's cave etchings might cause us to change our. Neanderthal ancestors. Neanderthal. Artists Created the Cave Art. According to proponents of this view, there. Neanderthal cognitive abilities. We know, for instance, that they buried. Body Painting and. Prehistoric. Colour Palette), and ate a more varied diet than had previously been. Furthermore, various other types. Neanderthal artists, including: the. Altamira Cave paintings. BCE), the abstract symbols at El Castillo Cave, items of prehistoric. France. and an ancient musical instrument (bone flute) discovered at Divje Babe. Slovenia. In addition, see the Neanderthal La. Ferrassie Cave Cupules (c. BCE). Gorham's Cave is a well documented Neanderthal. The engraving was discovered underneath a layer of sediment dating. BCE - before modern man arrived in Gibraltar. Tests prove that. Moreover. Mousterian tools have been linked with Neanderthal skeletal remains at. Devil's Tower site, also in Gibraltar. All this evidence supports. Neanderthal artists created Gorham's Stone. Age art, thus demonstrating their capacity for abstract thought and. Sceptics. The sceptics disagree, on two main counts. First, the engraving has not been dated. Also, the dates in question. Neanderthals were in Europe. Which group gets the. Second, as to the bigger picture, we know. BCE, before he left. Africa. See, for instance, the Blombos. Cave Engravings and the Diepkloof. Eggshell Engravings, both in South Africa. Arriving in Europe about. BCE, modern man continued his artistic behaviours: in sculpture. Lion Man of the Hohlenstein. Stadel (3. 8,0. 00 BCE) - in painting - see the Fumane. Cave Paintings (3. BCE) - and engraving - see the Abri. Castanet Engravings (3. BCE). Compare this track record with that of. Neanderthals who - despite differing in DNA by only 0. Europe since 2. 00,0. Continent. Even the famous 'Venus. Figurines' did not appear in Europe until the advent of the moderns. More worryingly for the Neanderthal camp. Neanderthals into extinction over a very. The last word goes to the sceptic Professor. Harold Dibble of the University of Pennsylvania. Unimpressed by both the. Homo neanderthalensis – The Neanderthals. Neanderthals co- existed with modern humans for long periods of time before eventually becoming extinct about 2. Neanderthals were advanced humans, capable of intelligent thought processes and were able to adapt to and survive in some of the harshest environments known to humans. Background on discovery. Age. This species lived between 2. Homo neanderthalensis from about 3. Homo neanderthalensis from about 1. Homo neanderthalensis from about 4. Important fossil discoveries. The first Neanderthal fossil was found in 1. Since then, thousands of fossils representing the remains of many hundreds of Neanderthal individuals have been recovered from sites across Europe and the Middle East. These include babies, children and adults up to about 4. As a result, more is known about this human ancestor than about any other. Key specimens: Le Moustier – a 4. Le Moustier, France. The distinctive features of Neanderthals are already apparent in this adolescent individual. This shows that these characteristics were genetic and not developed during an individual’s lifetime. Shanidar 1 – upper jaw with teeth. The front teeth of Neanderthals often show heavy wear, a characteristic that is even found in young Neanderthals. It is probable that they used their teeth as a kind of vice to help them hold animal skins or other objects as they worked. La Ferrassie 1 – a 5. La Ferrassie, France. This skull of an elderly male has the features associated with . This individual was more than 1. Neanderthals probably migrated to the Middle East during times of harsh European winters. These individuals had less robust features than their European counterparts. Maba – a partial skull classifed as Homo sp. This partial skull, dated to about 1. European Neanderthals and its discovery in southern China suggests the possibility that Neanderthals travelled further east than once thought. More fossil evidence from Asia is needed to understand the significance of this specimen. La Chapelle- aux- Saints – a 5. La Chapelle- aux- Saints, France. This male individual had lost most of his teeth and his skeleton showed evidence of major injuries and disease including a healed broken hip, and arthritis of the lower neck, back, hip and shoulders. He survived for quite some time with these complaints, which indicates that these people cared for the sick and elderly. Neanderthal 1 – a 4. Feldhofer Grotto, Neander Valley, Germany. This relatively complete skeleton belonged to an adult male. It was deliberately buried but as no grave goods were found it is difficult to infer any ritualistic behaviour. Lagar Velho – a 2. Homo sapiens boy discovered in 1. Abrigo do Lagar Velho, central western Portugal. This specimen has been described by its discoverers (and particularly Eric Trinkhaus) as a Neanderthal- Homo sapiens hybrid. This interpretation was based on knee and leg proportions but as the head, pelvis and forearms are decidedly human it is more likely that the robustness is a climatic adaptation (see Tattersal and Schwartz). Comparisons to other humans of this period are difficult due to lack of knowledge on variations within child populations. What the name means. Homo, is a Latin word meaning . The word neanderthalensis is based on the location where the first major specimen was discovered in 1. Neander Valley in Germany. The German word for valley is . Homo neanderthalensis therefore means . The eastern- most occurrence of a Neanderthal may be represented by a fossil skull from China known as . The study analysed the genetic variability, and modelled different scenarios, based on the genetic structure of the maternally transmitted mitochondrial DNA (mt. DNA). The study was possible thanks to the publication, since 1. DNA sequences from 1. Neanderthals. According to the study, the size of the Neanderthal population was not constant over time and a certain amount of migration occurred among the sub- groups. Relationships with other species. While we are closely related to the Neanderthals, they are not our direct ancestors. Evidence from the fossil record and genetic data shows they are a distinct species that developed as a side branch in our family tree. Some European Homo heidelbergensis fossils were showing early Neanderthal- like features by about 3. Neanderthals evolved in Europe from this species. The name Homo sapiens neanderthalensis was once common when Neanderthals were considered to be members of our own species, Homo sapiens. This view and name are no- longer favoured. Interbreeding with modern humans? Groundbreaking analysis of the Neanderthal genome (nuclear DNA and genes) published in 2. Neanderthals did interbreed, although on a very limited scale. Researchers compared the genomes of five modern humans with the Neanderthal, discovering that Europeans and Asians share about 1- 4% of their DNA with Neanderthals and Africans none. This suggests that modern humans bred with Neanderthals after moderns left Africa but before they spread to Asia and Europe. The most likely location is the Levant, where both species co- existed for thousands of years at various times between 5. Interestingly, the data doesn't support wide- scale interbreeding between the species in Europe, where it would have been most likely given their close proximity. Researchers are now questioning why interbreeding occurred on such a low scale, given that it was biologically possible. The answer may lie in cultural differences. Sharing Europe with the Denisovians? Did the Neanderthals also live alongside another human species in Europe? An interesting case making headlines in 2. Denisova cave in Russia. The bones were found in 2. Mitochondrial DNA (mt. DNA) was extracted from the remains, and then sequenced. The result was that the mt. DNA did not match either modern human or Neanderthal mt. DNA. Little else could be gleaned from these studies so scientists started work on extracting nuclear DNA. This produced far more information. The 'Denisovians', as they have been nicknamed, were more closely related to Neanderthals than modern humans. This suggests the Neanderthals and 'Denisovans' shared a common ancestor after modern humans and Neanderthals split. Perhaps this ancestor left Africa half a million years ago with the Neanderthals spreading west to the Near East and Europe while the Denisovans headed east. However, this does not necessarily mean they are a 'new' species as they may be already known from fossils that have no DNA record to compare, such as Homo heidelbergensis or H. This is expected, as Neanderthals were generally heavier and more muscular than modern humans. People that live in cold climates also tend to have larger brains than those living in warm climates. Skulldistinctive skull shape that was long and low, with a rounded brain caseback of the skull had a bulge called the occipital bun and a depression (the suprainiac fossa) for the attachment of strong neck musclesthick but rounded brow ridge lay under a relatively flat and receding foreheadmid- face region showed a characteristic forward projection (this resulted in a face that looked like it had been . These proportions are typical for people living in cold climates. DNA and biomolecular studies. Neanderthals are our only ancestors to have had studies performed on their DNA and other biomolecules. Although numerous studies have been undertaken since the first was published in 1. DNA), the most significant is the publication in 2. Neanderthal genome. Other key findings on from a variety of studies include the discovery of: a gene for red hair and fair skin (2. FOXP2 gene, related to language ability, that was the same as modern humans; type O blood in two males from Spain (2. Lifestyle. Culture. Evidence shows that Neanderthals had a complex culture although they did not behave in the same ways as the early modern humans who lived at the same time. Scholars debate the degree of symbolic behaviour shown by Neanderthals as finds of art and adornment are rare, particularly when compared to their modern human contemporaries who were creating significant amounts of cave paintings, portable art and jewellery. Some researchers believe they lacked the cognitive skills to create art and symbols and, in fact, copied from or traded with modern humans rather than create their own artefacts. However, others suggest the scarcity may have been due to social and demographic factors. Tools. The Neanderthals had a reasonably advanced tool kit classified as Mode 3 technology that was also used by early members of our own species, Homo sapiens. This was also known as the Mousterian, named after the site of Le Moustier. At the end of their long history in Europe, they began manufacturing a more refined toolkit (known as the Chatelperronian), similar to the blade tools of Homo sapiens. This occurred at about the same time as modern humans entered Europe. Many archaeologists think that the Neanderthals were attempting to copy the types of tools that they observed modern humans making. Alternatively, they may have obtained these tools by trading with the modern humans. Fire, shelter and clothing The Neanderthals built hearths and were able to control fire for warmth, cooking and protection. They were known to wear animal hides, especially in cooler areas. However, there is no physical evidence that Neanderthal clothing was sewed together, and it may have simply been wrapped around the body and tied. Caves were often used as shelters but open air shelters were also constructed. Art and decoration. Neanderthals left behind no known symbolic art and only limited evidence for body decoration. One of few decorative items found at a Neanderthal site is a pendant from Arcy- sur- Cure in France, found amongst bone tools and other artefacts that were attributed to a culture known as Chatelperronian (which most researchers consider Neanderthal). However, redating of the site's layers in 2. Kitten Diarrhea - Causes, Symptoms and Treatment. Kitten Diarrhea - Causes, Symptoms and Treatment . It is not a disease in itself, but a symptom of an underlying problem. Diarrhea in kittens one of the most common complaints seen by veterinarians. Their gastrointestinal system isn't fully developed and they are more sensitive to dietary changes, as their immune systems aren't yet fully developed they are also at greater risk of catching infections or diarrhea- causing parasites such as coccidiosis. Diarrhea is further categorised into acute or chronic diarrhea. Larsen recommends not mixing it with the old food. Feeding a 6 month old kitten. Brian Fantana Posts: 3,055. 15/04/13 08:27 in Advice #1. How much is the correct amount to feed one? How Much To Feed Your Cat is the subject of many cat. The Conscious Cat and Spirit Essences Are Rescue Cat Sponsors. My kitten Lucy just turned six months old. Kitten diarrhea - Causes, symptoms and treatment of. Kitten Diet Recommendations. ![]() 4 Month Old Kitten BehaviorA Schedule for Feeding Your Kitten – A Healthy Diet for Growing. Here is a simple daily schedule for the first six months that you can use to get started. What should I feed my kitten? Between four to six months of age kittens cut their permanent. What should I feed my cat? How old should a kitten be before they. Acute is the sudden onset of frequent watery stools, chronic is diarrhea which has been present for more than three weeks. There are many causes of diarrhea, some of which can be life- threatening. Kittens in shelters are at particular risk of infectious diarrhea, with common pathogens including feline panleukopenia, giardia and coccidia. Diseases such as FIV and Fe. LV can weaken the immune system making affected kittens more vulnerable to other bacterial, viral, fungal or protozoal infections. The causes can loosely be broken up into dietary, infection, parasites and other. There are several diet- related possibilities. Sudden switch in your kitten's food is a very common cause of diarrhea in kittens. Young cats in particular are very sensitive to dietary changes, so when you bring your new kitten home, find out from the breeder, or the previous owner what the kitten has been eating so far. He should continue to have the same diet, but if you would like to change to a different type or brand of food, you can do so, but introduce it gradually, over a period of days. On the first day 9. This will slowly accustom your kitten to the new food without upsetting his tummy. Kittens should be fed several small meals a day. Some kittens can develop an upset stomach if they are fed a large amount. Food allergies and food intolerances. Food allergies are an unlikely cause of diarrhea in kittens, which typically develop over time. Food intolerances such as giving them cow's milk may affect kittens. Eating something he shouldn't have such as cat litter, food from the garbage bin or plants may cause diarrhea, especially in kittens who are generally less discerning than adult cats. Cows milk - Many new kitten owners think that kittens should drink milk. This is a common cause of diarrhea in kittens as they are unable to digest the lactose in the milk. If you want to give your kitten milk, purchase the . Infection can be due to contact with an infected animal, water, feces, fomites (inanimate objects such as litter trays, toys etc), feces and raw meat, especially chicken. Ecoli - A bacteria which commonly lives in the intestinal tract of animals without causing problems. There are many strains of ecoli, some of which are particularly pathogenic, causing disease. Viral infections: Feline Immunodeficiency Virus- This virus is similar to the HIV virus in humans, and as the name would suggest, the virus attacks the immune system, compromising the cat's ability to fight infection and making them vulnerable to infection from other pathogens. The most common mode of transmission is via a bite wound or sexual intercourse, however kittens can also become infected in utero or via their mother's milk. There is no cure for FIV although symptoms can be managed. Infected cats have a compromised immune system making them vulnerable to secondary infection. Feline panleukopenia - A common viral infection caused which causes a low white blood cell count in cats which can lead to secondary infection. Between 2. 5 - 7. Cats of any age can become infected, but it is seen most often in kittens. Transmission can be via the feces, urine, saliva or vomit of an infected cat or from fomites such as cat bowls and litter trays. Rotavirus. Protozoal infections: Protozoa are a group of single celled organisms many of which cause intestinal disorders in the hosts they infect. Cats become infected via exposure to an infective cyst shed in the feces of an animal with the parasite. This may be via eating or sniffing the feces of an infected animal or drinking contaminated water. The parasite infects the small intestine, producing voluminous, pale coloured and foul smelling diarrhea but doesn't contain blood or mucus. Giardia doesn't generally cause loss of appetite or vomiting. Cryptosporidiuma common cause of diarrhea in kittens and cats, this infection is similar to giardia in which cats become infected via ingestion of an infected cyst shed by a cat carrying the parasite. Coccidiosis another protozoal infection of the intestinal tract which is acquired via direct contact with infected cysts. Kittens are particularly vulnerable to infection due to their immature immune systems. Tritrichomonas fetus is a recently identified protozoal infection which is sometimes mis- diagnosed as giardia. It affects the colon and end of the small intestine (distal ileum), infection occurs via direct contact with infected feces. Kittens, particularly those in shelters and crowded catteries are most at risk of infection. Diarrhea may come and go, it may contain blood and/or mucus. Protozoal infections in cats have the potential to be passed on to other pets as well as people in the house. So great care must be taken when caring for an infected cats. Hookworms are small, think parasites which live in the small intestine of cats where they attach themselves to the intestinal wall and feed on blood and tissue. Kittens most commonly become infected either in utero or via their mothers milk. Black and bloody diarrhea can occur due to bleeding in the intestines, stunted growth and anemia may also develop. Roundworms There are two species of spaghetti- like roundworm to infect cats, both of which live primarily in the small intestine, feeding on the intestinal contents. Kittens usually become infected via their mother's milk or the environment, although infection can also be acquired via hunting. Affected kittens often have a characteristic pot- bellied appearance as well as diarrhea, vomiting, which may contain worms, failure to grow and poor coat condition. Heat stroke - Kittens are not as efficient at maintaining their body temperature as adult cats, and can quickly become overheated as a result. Poisoning - Kittens can be especially indiscriminate when it comes to what they put in their mouth. Antifreeze, plants, medications etc. Intestinal blockage (cooked bones, cat litter, wool, clothing etc), this will often also be accompanied by vomiting. Fading kitten syndrome- This occurs in very young kittens in the first two weeks of their life who appear otherwise healthy and suddenly become very sick and die. The cause may be a congenital defect, infection, maternal neglect, blood type incompatibility, environmental conditions (too hot, too cold). There are many possible causes. If you have an extremely young kitten who suddenly becomes unwell, urgent and aggressive medical treatment will be required to save it. If the kitten appears to be well, is eating, drinking and playing as normal, you may choose a wait and see approach. In the meantime, put him on a bland diet such as boiled chicken or Hills I/D (intestinal diet) to give his stomach a rest. Kittens who have had diarrhea for longer than 2. Kittens can dehydrate much faster than an adult cat, so diarrhea must be taken seriously. You should see your veterinarian without delay if the diarrhea is accompanied by the following symptoms: If possible, bring a stool sample to the vet with you, this can help to diagnose the problem. Your veterinarian will perform a complete physical examination of your kitten and obtain a medical history from you. Questions he may ask may include foods your kitten has recently eaten, accompanying symptoms your kitten may have, the age of your kitten, has he been exposed to other cats who are sick, has he been vaccinated, where you obtained him, has he been treated for parasites such as intestinal worms? In some cases, the cause may be apparent, if not, your veterinarian may wish to perform the following tests to determine a cause: Fecal examination to look for the presence of parasites such as worms or protozoal infection. Fecal culture to look for the presence of bacteria. A small amount of feces is placed in a tube and a liquid salt or sugar solution is added. A glass cover is placed over the top and the sample is left to stand for 2. Eggs or cysts in the feces will float to the surface, these can then be examined under a microscope. Baseline tests including complete blood count and biochemical profile to check for an underlying infection, dehydration and anemia. Urinalysis to check the kidney function and to determine how dehydrated your kitten is. X- Rays to look for intestinal blockages and evaluate the organs such as liver and kidneys. Additional tests may be necessary depending on your veterinarian's index of suspicion. Treatment depends on the cause and may include: Withhold food: If the diarrhea is acute, and he seems otherwise well, your veterinarian may choose to withhold food for a day or so (for kittens that are over 8 weeks of age). Water is still to be provided. Bland diet: Either after the fasting period, or in place of, food that is bland and low fat should be fed for a few more days. Poached chicken breast is gentle on the stomachs of cats who have had diarrhea and is usually the preferred choice. Anti worming medication will be administered to treat worms. There are a number of products on the market to treat worms in cats. More information can be found here. Anti- parasitic medications to treat protozoal infections. Common medications include Metronidazole (Flagyl) and Furazolidone (Furoxone). Antibiotics for bacterial infections. Symptomatic and supportive care for viral infections while your kitten's own immune system fights off the infection. Your veterinarian may also prescribe antibiotics in this case which won't kill the virus but may hold off secondary bacterial infections which can sometimes develop. THINK SMALL A Cornell scientist came up with four ways to lose weight without dieting. In the US, 80% of girls have been on a diet by the time they're 10 years old. In this honest, raw talk, neuroscientist Sandra Aamodt uses her personal story to frame. Popular weight loss and diet plans include the Atkins diet, Jenny Craig, Zone diet, Weight Watchers, South Beach diet, Pritikin diet, Eat More, Weigh Less diet, and. A couple of pounds of extra body fat are not a health risk for most people. But when people are severely overweight, it can cause health problems. ![]() Ways to Stay on Track in Pictures. IMAGES PROVIDED BY: 1). Journal of Nutrition, July 1, 2. Barrie Wolfe- Radbill, RD, New York University Surgical Weight Loss Program, New York. Bauditz, J. British Medical Journal, January 1. Cleveland Clinic's Miller Family Heart & Vascular Institute. Dawn Jackson Blatner, RD, spokeswoman, American Dietetic Association. Elder, C. R. International Journal of Obesity, March 2. Hollis, J. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, August 2. International Journal of Eating Disorders, March 2. International Journal of Obesity, August 2. Janet Polivy, Ph. D, psychologist, University Of Toronto at Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Jennifer A. Linde, Ph. D, assistant professor of epidemiology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities Campus, Minneapolis. Jennifer Waugh, RD, LDN, clinical nutrition manager, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore. ![]() Ludy, M. Physiology & Behavior, March 1, 2. Obesity Research, November 2. Paul P. Baard, Ph. D, motivational and sport psychologist; associate professor, Fordham University. Pereira, M. A. Journal of Nutrition, January 1, 2. USDA Nutrient Database. Weight Control Information Network. When Being Overweight Is a Health Problem. Why Do People Become Overweight? Obesity tends to run in families. Some people have a genetic tendency to gain weight more easily than others because they burn calories more slowly. During times when food was scarce, this was a real advantage. 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A BMI at or above the . A BMI number that is equal to or greater than the 8. The Best Exercise and Diet Plan For Losing Weight While Gaining Muscle. Related: RIPTENSITY—Fast Bodyweight Workouts From Men’s Health That Are So Intense, They Rip Away Body Fat! So it’s beyond frustrating when you lose weight fast and end up losing muscle right along with it. But researchers for Mc. Master University in Hamilton, Canada, have found it’s possible to tackle both objectives—how to lose weight fast but still gain muscle—in just 4 weeks. ![]() Fair warning: It’s not easy. In their month- long study, which was published in the latest issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 4. However, while they all heavily restricted calories, half the men followed a lower- protein diet (1. The Best Exercise and Diet Plan For Losing Weight While Gaining Muscle Researchers from McMaster University may have just discovered the ideal program for quickly. Do you want to know how to gain weight fast? If so, here's a FREE weight gain diet and workout guide for men and women interested in gaining muscle. Gain Muscle with Werewolf Training. This training routine is designed for you to gain muscle. Both diets were above the recommended daily amount of protein. The participants worked out 6 days a week, doing resistance training, sprint work, high- intensity interval training (HIIT), and plyometric circuits. They also had to hit 1. Meaning that it contains all the essential amino acids your body needs to make protein, and its easy to digest, he explains. The results: After 2. The lower- protein group retained their muscle mass and lost about 8 pounds. Every participant got stronger and fitter, says Phillips. Those are huge results in such a short time span—but not that surprising, says Men’s Health nutrition advisor Alan Aragon. This video reveals some of the best foods to gain weight. 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In the real world, the average guy would find it extremely difficult to adhere to such a strict and tough plan without assistance. However, the study proves that if you want serious results you need to put in serious effort. You need to cut calories, drastically increase protein, move more, lift weights, and break a sweat multiple times a week. There’s no easy way around it, especially if you want to see big changes within a few weeks. Luckily, there are ways to do that outside of a laboratory—programs that allow you to make changes quickly while sustaining your results over the long haul. Take the 2. 1- DAY METASHRED. It’s an all- new body- shredding program that you can do in the comfort of your own home 3 days a week. The workouts are only 3. Mc. Master study. And if you opt for the deluxe package, you’ll receive your own protein powder and nutrition guide to fuel your muscles and promote lean body mass. One guy lost 2. 5 pounds of fat in just 6 weeks. Healthy Foods to Gain Weight & Muscle. Visit any supplement or health food store, and you'll find hundreds of products designed to help you gain weight. But these products aren't essential for weight gain - - you can get the calories and nutrients you need to put on weight healthfully from the same foods that likely already make up your healthy diet. Opt for calorie- rich foods that are high in a few key nutrients to gain weight and muscle without shelling out cash for supplements. Make protein- rich foods part of your daily intake for weight and muscle growth. A diet to bulk your muscles should contain higher- than- usual amounts of protein, since you'll need more amino acids to create bigger muscles. To get your daily needs, multiply your weight in pounds by 0. Try boneless, skinless white- meat poultry - - like chicken breast - - to get the amino acids you need for muscle growth. Each 3- ounce portion supplies 1. You can also get high- quality protein from dairy; an ounce of mozzarella cheese, for example, has 9 grams of protein, while a cup of milk has 8 grams. Soy milk can serve as a source of protein in place of dairy milk; it also has 8 grams per cup. Incorporate fatty fish in your diet a few days a week to support muscle growth. Like poultry and dairy, fish offers high- quality protein; a 3- ounce portion of salmon or tuna contains 2. Omega- 3 fats help lower inflammation, including the post- exercise inflammation that would otherwise lead to post- workout muscle soreness, reports a study published in the Journal of Sports Science & Medicine in 2. As a result, the healthy fats in fish might help shorten your recovery time between workouts, so you can put your full effort into strength training for muscle growth. Herring, salmon, trout, tuna and sardines all provide essential fatty acids; for example, a 3- ounce portion of chinook salmon offers about 1. Fatty fish aren't the only sources of healthy fats in a weight gain diet- - you'll also get high- quality unsaturated fat from plant- based foods. Unsaturated fats not only come packed with calories for weight gain - - a tablespoon of olive oil, for example, has 1. Cook with olive oil and snack on nuts, seeds and avocado for unsaturated fats. Include flaxseed oil, flaxseeds, chia and walnuts in your diet as plant- derived sources of inflammation- fighting omega- 3 fatty acids. While protein often takes center stage when you're trying to grow muscle, eating high- quality carbohydrates is just as important. Your muscles store carbohydrates in the form of glycogen, which you can use as a quick source of energy during your workouts. Eating enough carbohydrates allows you to continually replenish your muscles' glycogen stores, so you feel energized and powered up during your workouts. Get healthy carbs from whole grains - - such as oatmeal, brown rice, and 1. Beans and legumes also offer high- quality carbohydrates for energy; they supply protein to nourish your muscles, so they're beneficial in a weight gain diet. While certain foods supply nutrients that support weight gain, you won't see significant results if you don't look at the . About 2. 50 extra calories per day are essential for weight gain of 1/2 pound per week. If you aren't eating enough calories, you won't have the extra energy you need to gain weight, and if you're not strength training, you won't gain muscle. You might also need to take other steps to notice significant muscle gains, including improving your sleep hygiene to get 7 to 8 hours of high- quality sleep each night, and a stress management program to maintain healthy stress hormone levels. Talk to a professional to develop a program uniquely tailored to your needs; the more personalized your approach, the better your results. Constitutional Court Nkandla judgment: some questions answered. The decision of the Constitutional Court in Economic Freedom Fighters v Speaker of the National. Frequently Asked Questions about The One-Minute Cure Click on any of the red links below (or scroll down this webpage) to view the answers to the questions. Role of Communication Barriers in Ineffective Communication. Communication is a process where the information flows from the sender to the receiver through some medium. Ted to Jenny over the phone - “I want the file on my table right after the lunch”. Jenny- “Oh god I am not clear what Ted wants and he has already hung up the phone”. Why did Jenny not hear what Ted was expecting from him? Was Ted’s voice not clear? Or was there some other problem? Or probably there could have been some disturbance in the telephone network or might be Ted was standing at some crowded place? The disturbances in the network or the noise are actually the barriers to an effective communication. Communication Barriers. Finding out what style suits both you and your team can. Ready to hire for a new position at your small business? Avoid these 25 worst interview questions, so you attract top talent and avoid legal trouble. Lingren¹, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Cooperative Extension. I speak because I know my needs, I speak with hesitation because I know not yours. Determinants of effective and ineffective supervision in schools: teachers perspectives by dr. If students can only focus for 15-minute intervals, shouldn't we devote precious class time to something more engaging? This website is about Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease in non-HIV infected patients. It is directed at patients with MAC lung disease or those who want. Bar Graphs are a good way to show relative sizes. Click on the graph to set bar heights. You can also put your own labels and title. Russian apartment bombings; Location: Buynaksk, Moscow and Volgodonsk: Date: 4 Communication Barriers are the various obstacles and hurdles which arise in between of an effective communication leading to misunderstandings and misinterpretations by the receiver. In the above example noise was the communication barrier. Role of communication barriers in ineffective communication. Let us now understand in details what the barriers to an effective communication are and how they lead to an ineffective communication. Noise - Noise plays an important barrier to effective communication. Imagine you want to pass on some information to a person standing next to a blaring mike. Do you think, the sender will ever be able to interpret it correctly? ![]() Do you think the receiver in this case is to blame? In this case, because of the blaring mike, the information will never reach the person in its desired form. Any presentation or speech delivered in a noisy classroom or auditorium is pointless as the information would never fall on the ears of the listeners. Try sharing some information with your friend in an overcrowded bus or a noisy market, correct information will never reach the recipient and he would never be able to interpret it correctly or respond accordingly. Here noise is an external communication barrier and it results in the distortion of the message. Unorganized Thought - Unorganized and haphazard thoughts also are instrumental in poor communication and a very important barrier to effective communication. Mike to Monalisa - “Please come at 2 pm, okay not 2 come at 2. Monalisa is bound to get confused as Mike himself is not clear about the timings. The sender must pass on crystal clear information to the receiver. The sender must first be himself very clear what he wants to communicate and then only begin the conversation. Abstract ideas, haphazard thoughts lead to ineffective communication. First know what you have to communicate and then only speak. Wrong interpretations - Wrong interpretations again play a very important role in miscommunication. An information can be wrongly interpreted by the receiver leading to a complete mess. The word bash can be decoded as beating as well as a party. The sender might convey his message to the recipient in order to provide some necessary information but the receiver might misinterpret it. It is the responsibility of the receiver to give proper feedback to the speaker and clear all the doubts before ending the conversation. Don’t keep things within yourself; ask if you are not clear with anything. Not Understanding the receiver - The boss once wanted to address his young team. He quoted examples from the year 1. Don’t you think, all the young chaps will lose interest after sometime? That’s the importance of understanding the recipient. Don’t just prepare a speech, learn more about the culture, habits, thought process of your listeners. The sender must understand the receiver first and then pass on the information. If a sender is sad and you want to give him some exciting news, he will neither respond nor understand and hence the effect will for sure get nullified. Not understanding the receiver again is a barrier to effective communication. Ignoring the content - One should lay emphasis on the content of his speech. The content has to be clear, crisp and above all interesting. Don’t just speak; take some time to find out what you are speaking. Find out whether the content is relevant or not? During presentations, the speaker must use interesting words, funny one liner to capture the attention of the listeners. Don’t make your speech monotonous otherwise the listeners after sometime will definitely fall asleep. One should be smart enough to understand when to crack a slight joke in mid of a conversation. Don’t just speak for the heck of it, understand what you are speaking and try to make it more interesting, crisp and above all relevant. Avoiding the Listener - Imagine yourself attending a seminar where the speaker is simply reading from his notes and for once has not made any eye contact with you. You will never be able to relate with the speaker and hence never bother to find out what he wants to convey. Create a friendly atmosphere and then start communicating. Don’t just come to the point, one can ask questions from the listeners like what’s new?, Lovely weather or even use compliments like wonderful crowd, enthusiastic group. Don’t avoid your listeners, make an eye contact with them to effectively communicate. Not confirming with the recipient - Always cross check with the listeners, whether they have received the correct information or not. For instance, if you are sharing some important contact no, do make it a habit to verify the number with the receiver whether the receiver has noted it correctly or not. Use words like “Did you get it? Try to find out whether the listener is getting your message or not. Take pauses in between, simply don’t rush. Make a habit to spell out words. If you want to pass on your email id to your team, it is better to spell out each word of the email account. Another effective way is to break each word into alphabets, like ant can be communicated as a as in alpha, n as in Netherlands, t as in tango. The error rate will definitely go down and the communication will be more effective. Not understanding the mood of the recipient - Try to understand the interest or the mood of the second party and read the mind of the other person. Don’t just start speaking, understand the mood of the other person first and then share the information. If you think, the receiver is in the pink of his moods, don’t give him sad news, he will never bother to listen. Wait for the correct time and then communicate if you want your communication to create an impact. Low pitch and tone - Sometimes even the pitch and tone can play a communication barrier. Your content might be accurate, crisp and even related, but if your pitch is low your information will never reach the listeners bang on. The tone has to be crystal clear and loud for passing on correct information. Remember to give the correct pause after each sentence and don’t forget the punctuation marks. Remember you are communicating not only for the first benchers but the people on the last bench are also a part of the communication. Be loud and clear but don’t shout. Impatient Listener - The listener also has to be patient enough to absorb the complete information and then respond accordingly. Always jot down your points and start off with your queries once the sender is through with the communication. Don’t just jump in between the conversation as it leads to unnecessary confusions, misunderstandings and conflict and the communication never reaches any conclusion. Different cultural level - In any organization, an individual can never think on the same line as his boss does. There is always a difference in their thought process. The work pressure, lack of transparency between the team members are also the barriers which lead to an ineffective communication. These barriers are called internal barriers. Thus to conclude, any obstacle which comes in between an effective communication are called communication barriers. They result in distortion of the message and the goal is never accomplished. External barriers arise from the external environment and external factors where as internal barriers are present within the individual like tensions, work pressure, high expectations, peer rivalry etc. It is of prime importance to get rid of the above barriers for an effective communication and the proper flow of information between the sender and the receiver. Authorship/Referencing - About the Author(s). Why School Should Focus on Engagement Instead of Lectures. Getty Images. Each school day, millions of students move in unison from classroom to classroom where they listen to 5. Despite there being anywhere from 2. For centuries, it has been the most economical way to . Today, however, we know about the limitations of the class lecture, so why does it remain the most common format?(MORE: Should Teachers Be Allowed to Share Their Lesson Plans?)In 1. National Teaching & Learning Forum, two professors from Indiana University . In the vernacular, the students would . While you might expect that recall of the final section of the presentation would be greatest. Students remembered far more of what they. By the 1. 5- minute mark, they. Having established that students. Instead, they recommended that teachers insert . So what do we do with that class time? Here we can take inspiration from the humanities seminar, where any . This also happens in many business schools, where students read a case study ahead of time and the teacher leads a conversation about the issues facing the company or executive described in the case. With engineering or science, class time can be used for students to collaboratively tackle more challenging questions or projects. The main point is that when humans get together to learn, we should replace passivity with interactivity.(MORE: Won’t Back Down: Why This Education Movie Matters)When we free ourselves from the notion of one person delivering information at the front of a classroom at a set pace, it allows us to completely rethink our assumptions of what a classroom or school can be. A bell would no longer need to be rung to artificially stop one subject and to start the next. Ironically, by removing lecture from class time, we can make classrooms more engaging and human. MORE: How to Get. |
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